As humans, it would be very hard to face the fact that the functions we serve may be robbed from us by an accident or situations that leave us injured and helpless. Our brains are considered one of the most complicated, if not the most mysterious, parts of our bodies because of the complexity and range of functions it serves. Once the brain is damaged, survival itself may even be questionable, and for those who have Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) will be suffering from long-term negative effects on balance, mood, speech and memory. Occupational therapy, among other types of therapeutic managements, is playing a major role in brain injury rehabilitation.
Patients undergoing brain injury rehabilitation may expect a highly individualized support and interventions focusing on the adjustments needed to be made as part of their acceptance of the limitations in bodily functions and movement. The use of strong support system to promote enhancement of the lingering strengths and abilities is the principle behind the utilization of occupational therapy in minimizing the TBI symptoms by retraining the brain.
With the latest reports on brain injury rehabilitation, studies proved that occupational therapy interventions yield positive results with patients who are actively participating in the treatment process. By providing motor, sensory and positioning support for patients in comatose states, this directly affects their speedy recovery. Patients who may have recovered from coma have the chance to relearn some skills they have lost, including their abilities to perform activities of daily living. As they show signs of progress, it would be then good for them to take some advancement and learn complex cognitive skills, including problem-solving and memory.
Because of the damage in the centers of the brain that holds the major systems and functions of the body, there may be disturbances in speech and language. The patient may suffer from an impairment in the language comprehension or production, which may have resulted from state of having decreased oxygenation to the brain or cerebral hypoxia. Language problems can be independent or may have been related to cognitive impairment as evidenced by processing difficulties and loss of memory. With these, the occupational therapists are expected to utilize or develop programs that would help the clients enhance their cognitive functioning by using one-on-one articulation therapies, computerized programs and memory games.
Cerebral hypoxia has significant effects in changing pupil size and reactivity. An intact brain stem is responsible for the ability of the eyes to dilate or constrict, and so these are considered important parameters in determining brain function and integrity. Brain stem injury would yield fixed pupils bilaterally in the mid position. With brain injury involving the cerebral cortex, the eyes would commonly stray and move together toward or away from the side of the brain injured, depending on the type of injury. Visual disturbances the patient may suffer from after receiving the trauma may include pain from seeing bright lights or glares, visual field losses and blurry vision. Occupational therapists may help in vision retraining with the uses of glasses, one-on-one therapy and computerized programs.
Traumatic brain injuries would also usually come with disturbances with equilibrium that would greatly affect normal daily functioning. Walking is one major activity that is being affected by balance disturbances, and so occupational therapists are expected to implement programs involving exercises that would retrain the brain using movement to do away with light-headedness upon movement.
Generally, occupational therapists are the ones who use physical exercises in helping their clients with TBI to increase their dexterity and strength. They also help by making special equipment necessary for their safety and mobility at home or work, and they may also develop computer-aided adaptive equipments that would greatly help in communication and interaction with their environment. Occupational therapists have the chance to meet people from all walks of life regardless of their age, gender or economic status.
They may be able to work full time for 40 hours per week, but it is still quite common for them to take this job for part-time. Therapists working in large rehabilitation centers may use tools, machines and other devices necessary for proper therapy and care administration to the clients. The average occupational therapist salary is $89,000 per year. Most of the therapists must have found this job still very rewarding because of the good compensation despite their health risks they themselves may face while at work, such as physical stress from moving and lifting patients and other equipments.